• Pain in the lumbar region affecting one or both lower extremities.
  • Pain increases with standing posture and especially when walking, decreasing the perimeter of walking.
  • Pain has not responded to other non-invasive forms of treatment (drugs and rehabilitative physical therapy). 
  • Absence of severe neurological claudication.
  • Absence of upper motor neurological deficit. 
  • Presence of degenerative phenomena with stenosis (abnormal narrowing of a passage in the body) of lumbar canal or stenosis in some of the foramina in Computed Tomography and/or Magnetic Resonance.

Essentially Medical Mr Mo Akmal  researchgate  bbc2

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